India Grid Digital Twin — ADMS/DERMS Platform · BESCOM Zone-3

ADMS DASHBOARD

FREQUENCY

50.000 Hz

66kV BUS

1.000 pu

GRID HEALTH

97%

ZONE LOAD

54.2 MW

AI RISK

LOW

☀️--W/m²|--km/h

AT&C13.5%

IEX₹--

🔴INIT

--:--:--

▶ Story Mode

🔌 BESCOM Zone-3 Bengaluru · ADMS/DERMS Digital Twin Platform

⚡ Grid Hierarchy 400kV → 220kV → 66kV → 11kV → 415V LT → EV Charging

🤖 AI Forecast Engine Dual-EMA + Bayesian Prior · 7-rule DERMS Optimization

🚗 EV Network OCPP 2.0.1 · IS 17017 · Mode 1–4 · V2G Bidirectional Flow

🛡️ Cybersecurity IEC 62351 + TLS 1.3 · IEC 61850 GOOSE · OpenADR 2.0b DSM

🌞 Renewables Solar PV + Wind · DERMS Dispatch · AT&C Loss 13.5%

🔌 BESCOM Zone-3 Bengaluru · ADMS/DERMS Digital Twin Platform

⚡ Grid Hierarchy 400kV → 220kV → 66kV → 11kV → 415V LT → EV Charging

🤖 AI Forecast Engine Dual-EMA + Bayesian Prior · 7-rule DERMS Optimization

🚗 EV Network OCPP 2.0.1 · IS 17017 · Mode 1–4 · V2G Bidirectional Flow

🛡️ Cybersecurity IEC 62351 + TLS 1.3 · IEC 61850 GOOSE · OpenADR 2.0b DSM

🌞 Renewables Solar PV + Wind · DERMS Dispatch · AT&C Loss 13.5%

OCPP 2.0.10

OpenADR 2.0bIDLE

IEC 61850GOOSE

Modbus RTU5 RTUs

AI EngineMON

BalanceBAL ✓

IEGCF:NOMINAL

Tick0

SIM 08:00 IST

⚡ Live Scenarios

Click any scenario to see AI + DERMS respond in real-time

400kVState Grid398.4 kV

→

220kVRegional218.2 kV

→

110kVKPTCL109.0 kV

→

66kVSubstation66.8 kV

→

11kVFeeders11.2 kV

→

415VLT Network412 V

→

EVIS 170170 kW

Zone Net Load

54.2MW

5 feeders

GSS Loading

54%

EV Load

0.0kW

IS 17017

V2G Inject

0.0kW

disabled

Renewables

52.3MW

Solar+Wind

Grid Health

97/100

NOMINAL

Feeder Stress

0/5

all normal

POWER BALANCEGen 150.0 = Load 148.5 + Loss 2.2 + Res −0.7 MW
NOMINALRISK: LOWHEALTH: 97✓ VALIDATED

ZONE NET LOAD · INDIA TIME-OF-DAY CURVE

■ Zone■ EV■ Renew╌ Cap

INDIA LOAD CURVE (24H)

SIM: 08:00 IST

5-FEEDER LOAD SHARE

RTU TELEMETRY · BESCOM ZONE-3 IEC 61850 / Modbus

SYSTEM EVENT LOG 0

JAYANAGAR GSS — 220/66kV · 100 MVA

220kV BUS

218.2

66kV BUS

66.8

54%

/ 100 MVA

GSS loading54.2 MW

BSS-14 PRIMARY SUBSTATION — 66/11kV · 50 MVA

66kV INPUT

66.8

11kV BUS

11.2

On Load Tap ChangerPOS 6

Bus coupler

Station battery110V OK

FEEDER BREAKER PANEL — 11kV OUTGOING

GSS VOLTAGE PROFILE (24H)

GSS MVA LOADING (60s)

VOLTAGE CASCADE · 220kV → 11kV BUS → DTR → LT

PROTECTION STATUS

5-FEEDER LOAD BALANCING · BESCOM F-14/F-08/F-22/F-31/F-07

FEEDER LOADING (%) · 60s

DTR STRESS MAP

INDIA GRID DIGITAL TWIN · 400kV GSS → 11kV FEEDER → 415V LT → EV

HV 400/220kV MV 66/11kV LT 415V V2G

VOLTAGE PROFILE (pu)

NODE STATUS

IMPEDANCE MODEL

              V_bus = V_gss − Z_tx × I_load

              V_feeder = V_bus − Z_line × I_feed

              V_dtr = V_feeder − Z_dtr × I_dtr

              V_lt = V_dtr − Z_lt × I_lt

              CEA DTR guide: IS 6600 / IS 1180

CSMS · IS 17017 · MoP 2024 · OCPP 2.0.1

India EV mix: 2W (1–3kW) · 3W (3–7kW) · 4W AC (7kW) · 4W DC (50–200kW) · DC Fast (50–200kW)

V2G

100%

OCPP 2.0.1 LOG 0

IS 17017 COMPLIANCE

              Mode 1: 230V/16A AC ✓
Mode 2: 230V/32A AC ✓
Mode 3 (Type 2): IEC 62196 ✓
Mode 4 (DC): CCS2/GB/T ✓
Grid interface: IS 17017:2018 ✓
            

24H LOAD FORECAST — DUAL-EMA + LOGISTIC RISK

CONF 94.2%

PEAK FCST

-- MW

VALLEY

-- MW

LOGIT σ

0.000

POSTERIOR

0.000

DERMS ACT

NONE

AI RISK TIMELINE (60s)

EMA-fast148.5 EMA-slow148.5 ROCOF0.000

EV DEMAND FORECAST BY TYPE — INDIA PATTERN (24H)

India: 2W peaks 18–21h (return+fleet), 3W commercial day, 4W mixed peak/office

FORECAST UNCERTAINTY BAND (5–15% error)

Range: calculating…

LOAD DECOMPOSITION — SECTOR MODEL

DSM PRICING — IEGC 2023 UI CHARGES

LOGISTIC FEATURE VECTOR · σ(w·x+b)

BAYESIAN OUTPUT

AI→DERMS LOG

DERMS CONTROL PANEL

Auto-Dispatch (AI)

Logistic risk → DR tier

V2G Dispatch

0 EVs enrolled

OpenADR 2.0b

DR inactive

NET LOAD · computeNetLoad()

              NetLoad = BaseLoad(t)

                 + PeakBoost

                 + Σ EV_Power × SC_Limit

                 − Solar(t) − Wind(t)

                 − DR_Reduction

                 − V2G_Injection

Base Load—

+ Peak—

+ EV Load—

− Renewables—

− DR—

− V2G—

= Net Load—

GRID FREQUENCY · SWING EQ + DAMPING

50.000

Hz · NOMINAL

                  ROCOF: 0.0000
                  H_eff: 4.00s
                  D: 2.60
                

WORST DTR

54%

DERMS RULE ENGINE · AI-DRIVEN AUTO-DISPATCH

GENERATION vs DEMAND BALANCE (60s)

DISPATCH LOG

DISCOM OPERATIONAL CONTROLS

Load Shedding

Scheduled / Emergency

INACTIVE

Feeder Switching (NOP)

Normally Open Point switching

BSS-14 Transformer Trip

Simulation of protection operation

HEALTHY

ToU Tariff-Based DR

CERC / KERC ToU tariff signals

Current zone: NORMAL ₹5.0/unit

ZONE LOAD vs CAPACITY (60s)

FEEDER SWITCHING HISTORY

OPERATIONS LOG · DISCOM CONTROL ROOM

Supply Hours

23.8h/day

AT&C Losses

13.5%

Load Shed

0.0MW

EV Revenue

₹0/h

CYBER RISK INDEX

LOW RISK

Intrusion0

AE Anomaly0.030

Active Threats0

IPs Blocked0

NEXT VECTOR

OCPP Spoofing

PROTOCOL CONTROLS

IDS/IPS (Snort)ACTIVE

TLS 1.3 / mTLSENFORCED

OCPP AuthRFID+HMAC

OpenADR VTNCERT-PINNED

SCADA IEC 62351ENABLED

OCPP SpoofCLEAN

ADR InjectCLEAN

SCADA AnomalyCLEAN

NETWORK TRAFFIC — AE RECON ERROR

RISK TIMELINE (60s)

SOC ALERT FEED · GRID-LEVEL CYBER

IS 17017:2018 — EV CHARGING STANDARD

Mode 1: Slow AC230V/16A

Mode 2: Fast AC230V/32A

Mode 3: 3-PhaseIEC 62196 T2

Mode 4: DC FastCCS2/GB/T

Protection: RCD30mA Type A/B

Earth continuityIEC 61851

Smart meteringIS 16444

Grid integrationCEA Reg 2010

CEA / MoP — GRID STANDARDS

Frequency range49.5–50.5 Hz

Voltage (11kV)±6%

Voltage (LT 415V)±6%

DTR rating stdIS 1180

Feeder capacity5–20 MW

DTR overload>100% = stress

DTR failure risk>120% = fail

MoP EVCI 2024Sep 2024

SYSTEM COMPLIANCE STATUS

EV MIX (INDIA NITI AAYOG)

Source: NITI Aayog EV Handbook 2023

SOURCE:CEA Annual Report 2023-24·MoP EVCI Guidelines Sep 2024·POSOCO/NLDC Grid Report·IEC 61850/62351/61968·BESCOM ARR 2024·IS 17017:2018 / IS 1180DEMONSTRATOR · reference architecture · live values simulated

WORKING PRINCIPLE · STEP-BY-STEP

ACTIVE PROCESS

LIVE SYSTEM METRICS

KEY EQUATIONS

Sources & References

            CEA Annual Report 2023-24 (installed cap.)

            MoP EVCI Guidelines Sep-2024

            POSOCO Annual Report 2022-23

            BESCOM ARR 2023-24 (AT&C losses)

            NITI Aayog EV Handbook 2023

            IS 17017:2018 · IS 1180 · IS 16444

            IS 398 Pt-2 (ACSR Dog/Weasel/Rabbit)

            IS 2705 / IEC 61869-2 (CT 5P20 class)

            IS 3842 / IEC 60255-12 (87T diff relay)

            IS 3231 / IEC 60255-151 (IDMT curves)

            IEC 60909-0:2016 (fault current Zth)

            IEC 61968-13 / Baran & Wu 1989 (BFS)

            IEC 62271-111 (auto-reclose 3-shot)

            IEEE 1110-2002 (governor-turbine TF)

            IEEE Std 1459 (power quality / losses)

            CEA Grid Code 2023 (UFLS, β, LFC)

            IEGC 2023 §2.7 (ACE definition)

            Kundur "Power System Stability" §11-12

            IEC 61850/61968/62351/60909

            OCPP 2.0.1 · OpenADR 2.0b · ISO 15118

BACKWARD-FORWARD SWEEP — 11kV RADIAL DISTRIBUTION

            BFS: backward (Ī←) + forward (V̄→)

            Ī_L = (P_net − jQ_net) / V̄* (load curr)

            ΔV̄ = (R+jX)·Ī  [pu, Sbase=10MVA]

            |V_bus| = |V_par − ΔV̄|

            Bsh/2 at each end (π model, IS 398)

            OLTC: tap ±6×2.5% (PSS 66/11kV)

            DER: solar rooftop + V2G as PQ injection

            Converge: |ΔV| < 1×10⁻⁵ pu (0.11 V)

BUS RESULTS (pu)

CONVERGENCE

Iters: 0
ΔV: 0.0000
Status: CONVERGED

NEWTON-RAPHSON (3-BUS EQUIVALENT)

            J·Δx = −f(x)

            x = [V₂,V₃,θ₂,θ₃]ᵀ

            Y-bus (3×3 admittance matrix)

MISMATCH VECTOR

BUS VOLTAGE PROFILE (pu)

REACTIVE POWER Q (MVAr) BY FEEDER

P+jQ APPARENT POWER FLOW — GSS → FEEDER BUSES

LINE LOSS ANALYSIS · I²R + I²X

IDMT RELAY TIME-CURRENT CURVES (IEC 60255-151 / IS 3231)

■ Standard Inv.■ Very Inv.■ Ext. Inv.╌ Iset

          t = TMS × k/((I/Iset)ᵃ−1) · Std: k=0.14,a=0.02 · VI: k=13.5,a=1.0 · EI: k=80,a=2.0
        

RELAY SETTINGS — BESCOM ZONE-3 (OVERCURRENT)

FAULT SIMULATION

FAULT CURRENT vs TIME — PROTECTION COORDINATION

FAULT CURRENT CALCULATOR — THEVENIN EQUIVALENT

          I_fault(3P) = V_th / Z_th

          I_fault(LG)  = 3V_th / (Z1+Z2+Z0)

          I_fault(LL)  = √3·V_th / (Z1+Z2)

RELAY OPERATION LOG

GENERATION DISPATCH · KARNATAKA STATE GRID

AGC CONTROL

ACE (Area Control Error)0.00 MW

AGC Signal ΔPAGC0.00 MW

Frequency Error Δf0.000 Hz

Freq Bias β = D+1/R21.2 MW/Hz

Total Gen Capacity400 MW

              β = D + 1/R  [MW/Hz, CEA Grid Code §7.3]

              ACE = β·Δf + ΔPtie  [IEC/IEGC 2023]

              ΔPAGC = −Ki·∫ACE dt  [Ki=0.10/s]

              2H·df/dt = (Pm−Pe)/Ssys − D·Δf/f0

              Gg(s) = 1/(1+sTg), Gt(s)=(1+sFhTrh)/[(1+sTch)(1+sTrh)]

              Gh(s) = (1−sTw/2)/(1+sTw/2)  [non-min phase]

UNIT COMMITMENT STATUS

GENERATION MIX (MW) — 60s REAL-TIME

FREQUENCY + GOVERNOR DROOP RESPONSE

GENERATION vs DEMAND BALANCE — AGC CORRECTION

Thermal

180MW

Hydro

140MW

Solar

0MW

Gas Peaker

0MW

AGC DISPATCH LOG

BESCOM ZONE-3 · GEOGRAPHICAL FEEDER MAP · BENGALURU (12.97°N 77.59°E)

F-14 Koramangala F-08 JP Nagar F-22 HSR F-31 Whitefield F-07 Indiranagar

● DTR node▲ EVSE★ SubstationCoords: 12.93°–13.02°N · 77.55°–77.72°E

GEO-SPATIAL TOPOLOGY

FEEDER GEOGRAPHIC DATA

LOAD DENSITY MAP (MW/km²)